Perhaps most famously, the First Fleet included more than 700 convicts. The settlement at Botany Bay was intended to be a penal colony. The convicts of the First Fleet included both men and women. Most were British, but a few were American, French, and even African.
Who was involved in the First Fleet?
The First Fleet of 11 ships, each one no larger than a Manly ferry, left Portsmouth in 1787 with more than 1480 men, women and children onboard. Although most were British, there were also African, American and French convicts. After a voyage of three months the First Fleet arrived at Botany Bay on 24 January 1788.
What animals came to Australia on the First Fleet?
The animals included: two bulls, seven cows, one stallion, three mares, 44 sheep, 32 pigs, four goats and poultry. They left on 12 November. From Cape Town it took the Fleet two months to reach Australia. Phillip took a few ships ahead to start building at Botany Bay.
Who was captain of the First Fleet?
Captain Arthur Phillip
In May 1787, the British government sent a fleet of 11 ships – carrying over 1500 men, women and children – 20,000 kilometres around the world. This historic convoy, later known as the First Fleet, was led by Captain Arthur Phillip. The First Fleet arrived at Botany Bay on 20 January 1788.
Who was the oldest person on the First Fleet?
Dorothy Handland (born Dorothy Coolley; c. 1705/26 -) was perhaps the oldest convict transported on the First Fleet.
| Dorothy Handland | |
|---|---|
| Occupation | Old clothes woman |
| Criminal charge(s) | Perjury |
| Criminal penalty | 7 years transportation |
| Spouse(s) | Robert Grey John Hanland |
Who was the youngest convict on the First Fleet?
John Hudson, described as ‘sometimes a chimney sweeper’, was the youngest known convict to sail with the First Fleet. Voyaging on board the Friendship to NSW, the boy thief was 13 years old on arrival at Sydney Cove. He was only nine when first sentenced.
How many female convicts were on the First Fleet?
The ships departed with an estimated 775 convicts (582 men and 193 women), as well as officers, marines, their wives and children, and provisions and agricultural implements.
Who was the oldest convict in Australia?
Dorothy Handland
“The oldest convict was Dorothy Handland, a dealer in rags and old clothes who was 82 years old in 1787. She had drawn 7 years for perjury. In 1789 a fit of despair she was to hang herself from a gum tree at Sydney Cove, thus becoming Australia’s first suicide.”
What did female convicts do in Australia?
Convict women were employed in domestic service, washing and on government farms, and were expected to find their own food and lodging. Punishment for those who transgressed was humiliating and public. Exile itself was considered a catalyst for reform.
What were the 19 crimes?
The crimes that make up 19 Crimes include:
- Grand Larceny, theft above the value of one shilling.
- Petty Larceny, theft under one shilling.
- Buying or receiving stolen goods, jewels, and plate…
- Stealing lead, iron, or copper, or buying or receiving.
- Impersonating an Egyptian.
- Stealing from furnished lodgings.
Was New Zealand ever a penal colony?
The New Zealand Penal Settlement was a Federation penal colony located on Earth in the New Zealand island group, east of the continent of Australia. Much like all rehabilitation colonies, this location was used to treat inmates and was a possible location for Maquis prisoners to be placed.
Was Tasmania a penal colony?
To early British settlers, Van Diemen’s Land (as they called Tasmania) was the end of the world – an ideal location for some of their government’s largest and most notorious penal colonies.
Was New Zealand ever a part of Australia?
On 1 July 1841 the islands of New Zealand were separated from the Colony of New South Wales and made a colony in their own right. This ended more than 50 years of confusion over the relationship between the islands and the Australian colony.
Did prisoners get sent to New Zealand?
Throughout the decade in which New Zealand was shipping convicts across the Tasman Sea, at least 110 people underwent this journey. The vast majority of them – 93 of the 110 prisoners, or 85 per cent – were young single men from a working-class background. Some were men without means.
How many convicts died on the First Fleet?
48 deaths
THE FIRST FLEET
They carried around 1400 convicts, soldiers and free people. The journey from England to Australia took 252 days and there were around 48 deaths on the voyage.
Who were the people known as the Maori?
listen)) are the indigenous Polynesian people of mainland New Zealand (Aotearoa). Māori originated with settlers from East Polynesia, who arrived in New Zealand in several waves of canoe voyages between roughly 1320 and 1350.
Who discovered NZ?
explorer Abel Tasman
The first European to arrive in New Zealand was the Dutch explorer Abel Tasman in 1642. The name New Zealand comes from the Dutch ‘Nieuw Zeeland’, the name first given to us by a Dutch mapmaker.
Who was the first person in NZ?
explorer Abel Tasman
The dutch explorer Abel Tasman is officially recognised as the first European to ‘discover’ New Zealand in 1642.
Who lived in NZ before Māori?
The accepted wisdom was that the Polynesian settlers of the Chatham Islands, who arrived hundreds of years before Māori, were wiped out by invading Māori tribes, who killed and enslaved their population after landing on the islands in 1835.
Did the Chinese discover New Zealand First?
English explorer Captain James Cook reportedly “discovered” New Zealand’s East Coast on October 7, 1769, hundreds of years after it had been settled by Maori. But two visits early this year have convinced Cedric Bell that Chinese ships were visiting New Zealand 2000 years ago.
Who are the original natives of New Zealand?
For millennia, Māori have been the tangata whenua, the indigenous people of Aotearoa. Arriving here from the Polynesian homeland of Hawaiki over 1000 years ago, the great explorer Kupe, was the first Māori to reach these lands.
Where did the Māori come from?
Māori are the indigenous people of Aotearoa New Zealand, they settled here over 700 years ago. They came from Polynesia by waka (canoe). New Zealand has a shorter human history than any other country.
Were there cannibals in NZ?
Maori cannibalism was widespread throughout New Zealand until the mid 1800s but has largely been ignored in history books, says the author of a new book released this week.
What did Māori eat?
Māori hunted a wide range of birds (such as mutton birds and moa), collected seafood and gathered native ferns, vines, palms, fungi, berries, fruit and seeds.
Do Māori still practice cannibalism?
Cannibalism has been well documented in much of the world, including Fiji, the Amazon Basin, the Congo, and the Māori people of New Zealand.